Structure and Molecular Mechanism of the Sodium-Proton-Antiporter NhaA and the Cytochrome-bc1-Complex

1. Variants of the mitochondrial cytochrome bc₁ complex created by site-directed mutagenesis produce deleterious oxygen radicals, which are implied in aging processes and pathophysiological conditions. 2. The regulation of the cellular ion composition by sodium-proton-antiporters is essential. The first atomic structure of such a transporter was determined and a mechanistic model for regulation and transport developed.